Estrés crónico en periodistas: prevalencia, factores de riesgo y de protección
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62008/ixc/16/02EstresPalabras clave:
estrés crónico, periodistas, revisión sistematica, factores de riesgo, factores de protecciónResumen
Esta revisión sistemática sintetiza la evidencia empírica (2000–2025) sobre la prevalencia del estrés crónico en periodistas y los principales factores de riesgo y protección asociados. Se buscaron artículos en WoS y Scopus, aplicando criterios PICOS y selección en Rayyan. Los datos se sintetizaron mediante análisis temático inductivo-deductivo. Se incluyeron 20 estudios que examinan la situación a la que se enfrentan 7.394 periodistas de un total de 16 países. Predominan los diseños cuantitativos (n=12) frente a los cualitativos (n=6) o mixtos (n=2). Los resultados muestran una prevalencia elevada, con mayores niveles entre mujeres, jóvenes, autónomos y profesionales expuestos a precariedad, sobrecarga y acoso. El locus de control interno, la reevaluación positiva y el apoyo social emergen como factores protectores robustos. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de intervenciones multiescalares y de mejorar la estandarización y medición del estrés crónico.
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